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| Quantity: | |
|---|---|
| Grade | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Cr | Ni |
| 314 | ≤0.25 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.030 | 1.50－3.00 | 23.00－26.00 | 19.00－22.00 |
TP304 seamless stainless steel pipe and tube (UNS S30400), known by designations such as 06Cr19Ni10 (China), 1.4301 (EN), and SUS304 (JIS), is the most widely used austenitic stainless steel product. Composed of approximately 18-20% chromium, 8-10.5% nickel, and balanced carbon (<0.08%) with trace elements of manganese and silicon, this alloy offers an optimal balance of corrosion resistance, formability, and cost-effectiveness. Conforming to international standards like ASTM A312, ASME SA-312, and EN 10216-5, it is produced via a seamless process to ensure uniform wall thickness, smooth internal surfaces, and superior structural integrity.
The austenitic microstructure provides non-magnetic properties and excellent ductility, making TP304 suitable for both low and moderate temperature applications. While not optimized for extreme high-temperature service, it excels in general corrosion resistance across a wide range of environments, making it a staple in industries where reliability and versatility are paramount.
General-Purpose Corrosion Resistance: Resistant to atmospheric corrosion, mild acids (e.g., nitric acid), alkalis, and organic compounds. While not ideal for chloride-rich environments like seawater, it outperforms carbon steel in most aqueous solutions.
Excellent Formability & Weldability: Easily cold-formed into complex shapes without cracking and weldable using all standard methods (GTAW, GMAW, SMAW) without post-weld heat treatment, though low-carbon fillers (e.g., 308L) are recommended for critical applications.
Temperature Resistance: Operates reliably from -196°C (cryogenic) up to 870°C in intermittent service, with good oxidation resistance below 650°C. Cold working can enhance tensile strength without compromising ductility.
Hygienic & Aesthetic Properties: Smooth surface finish resists bacterial adhesion and is easy to clean, making it suitable for food contact and architectural applications.
Food & Beverage: Used in processing equipment, storage tanks, and pipelines for dairy, brewing, and meat processing, meeting strict hygiene standards (FDA, 3-A Sanitary).
Architectural & Construction: Employed in decorative railings, facades, and roofing due to its corrosion resistance and attractive appearance, especially in urban environments with moderate pollution.
Chemical Processing: Handles non-chlorinated organic acids and alkalis in reactors, heat exchangers, and pumps, though upgraded grades like 316L are preferred for aggressive chlorides.
Medical Devices: Used in surgical instruments and hospital equipment due to biocompatibility and ease of sterilization.
Q: Is TP304 magnetic?
A:In its annealed state, TP304 is non-magnetic. Cold working may induce slight magnetism, but it remains non-magnetic under normal service conditions.
Q: How does TP304 perform in seawater?
A:It resists mild seawater splashing but is susceptible to pitting and crevice corrosion in continuous seawater immersion. For marine applications, 316L or duplex stainless steels are more appropriate.
Q: Can TP304 be heat-treated to increase hardness?
A:As an austenitic steel, it cannot be hardened by heat treatment. Hardness is increased through cold working, though this reduces ductility.
Q: What is the difference between TP304 and TP304L?
A:TP304L has a lower carbon content (≤0.03%), reducing the risk of intergranular corrosion in welded components without stabilization elements like titanium (found in TP321).
