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253MA seamless stainless steel pipe and tube (UNS S30815, EN 1.4835, DIN X9CrNiSiNCe21-11-2) is a precipitation-strengthened austenitic alloy specifically engineered for high-temperature resistance and creep strength. Composed of 20-22% chromium, 10-12% nickel, 1.4-2.0% silicon, 0.05-0.15% carbon, and cerium (Ce) and nitrogen (N), this alloy combines the benefits of oxidation resistance with improved mechanical properties at elevated temperatures. Manufactured via seamless extrusion or piercing to ensure uniform grain structure and dimensional precision, it complies with standards like ASTM A213, ASME SA213, and EN 10216-5.
The addition of cerium stabilizes the oxide layer, while nitrogen enhances solid-solution strengthening, making 253MA superior to conventional 300-series steels in cyclic thermal loading conditions. Its austenitic microstructure remains non-magnetic and ductile, even after prolonged exposure to temperatures up to 1200°C.
Exceptional High-Temperature Oxidation Resistance: Forms a dense Cr₂O₃-SiO₂ protective scale, resisting spalling and carburization at continuous service temperatures up to 1150°C, ideal for harsh furnace environments.
Creep & Fatigue Resistance: Maintains high tensile strength and ductility between 600–1000°C, outperforming TP310H in low-stress, high-temperature cyclic applications.
Corrosion Resistance in Mixed Atmospheres: Resistant to sulfurous gases, vanadium-induced corrosion, and mild chloride environments, though not optimized for highly reducing acids.
Ease of Fabrication: Readily weldable using GTAW/GMAW with matching filler metal (e.g., 253MA rod), and formable into complex shapes with moderate cold working.
Industrial Furnaces: Used in radiant tubes, mesh belts, and furnace rollers for heat treatment plants, cement kilns, and glass annealing lehrs.
Energy from Waste: Ideal for boiler tubes and incinerator components exposed to chlorine-rich flue gases and thermal cycling.
Petrochemical Reforming: Employed in steam reformer tubes and ethylene furnace coils where resistance to coking and scale formation is critical.
Aerospace Heat Exchangers: Suitable for lightweight components in auxiliary power units (APUs) requiring high-temperature durability.
Q: How does 253MA differ from TP310H?
A:253MA has lower carbon (0.05-0.15% vs. 0.04-0.10% in TP310H) and added cerium/nitrogen, enhancing oxidation resistance at 1100-1200°C while reducing carbide precipitation.
Q: Can 253MA be used in sulfuric acid?
A:It resists dilute sulfuric acid (<30%) at room temperature but is better suited for oxidizing environments; nickel-based alloys like Hastelloy C22 are preferred for concentrated acids.
Q: What is the recommended heat treatment for 253MA?
A:Solution annealing at 1100-1150°C followed by rapid cooling to dissolve intermetallic phases and optimize corrosion resistance.
Q: Is 253MA magnetic?
A:No, it remains non-magnetic in all heat-treated conditions, unlike ferritic/martensitic steels.
Despite its lean nickel content, 253MA offers an outstanding combination of creep strength and high resistance to oxidation, sulphidation and erosion/abrasion at extremely high temperatures. This makes the alloy more economical than most heat resistant alloys.
The high heat resistant properties of 253MA are obtained by the tight control of micro alloy additions. Whilst the benefit of creep rupture strength is down to the combination of nitrogen, carbon and cerium, its superior oxidation resistance is a result of the combination of cerium and silicon.
Its strength at these temperatures is higher than that of alternatives such as Grade 310.
