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| Availability: | |
|---|---|
| Quantity: | |
| Element | C | Mn | Si | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | N |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Content | ≤0.03 | ≤2.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.020 | 21.0–23.0 | 4.5–6.5 | 2.5–3.5 | 0.08–0.20 |
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Tensile Strength | ≥620 MPa (90 ksi) |
| Yield Strength (0.2% offset) | ≥450 MPa (65 ksi) |
| Elongation | ≥25% |
| Hardness (HBW) | ≤290 |
| Hardness (HRC) | ≤30 |
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Density | 7.805 g/cm³ |
| Thermal Conductivity | 19.0 W/m·K |
| Thermal Expansion | 13.7×10⁻⁶/K (20–100°C) |
| Electrical Resistivity | 0.85×10⁻⁶ Ω·m |
| Melting Point | 1400–1450°C |
Outer Diameter: 6–720 mm
Wall Thickness: 1–65 mm
Length: Customizable (up to 12 m standard)
| Parameter | Duplex 2205 (S31803) | Austenitic 316L (S31603) | Super Duplex 2507 (S32750) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microstructure | 50% Austenite/50% Ferrite | 100% Austenite | 45% Austenite/55% Ferrite |
| Yield Strength | ≥450 MPa | ≥170 MPa | ≥550 MPa |
| Cr Content | 21–23% | 16–18% | 24–26% |
| Mo Content | 2.5–3.5% | 2.0–3.0% | 3.0–5.0% |
| N Content | 0.08–0.20% | – | 0.24–0.32% |
| Chloride SCC Resistance | Good | Poor | Excellent |
| Cost Ratio | 1.5x 316L | 1x | 2.5x 316L |
| Typical Applications | Offshore, chemical | General corrosion | Extreme marine, oil & gas |
Duplex 2205 offers 2.5x the strength of 316L, enabling thinner wall designs.
Super Duplex 2507 excels in severe chloride environments but at a higher cost.
Chloride Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC): Resists SCC in seawater, brine, and chloride-rich media, outperforming austenitic steels like 316L in marine and offshore applications.
Pitting & Crevice Corrosion: High chromium, molybdenum, and nitrogen content provide a Pitting Resistance Equivalent (PRE) of ≥34, making it suitable for harsh chemical environments.
Acid & Alkali Resistance: Performs well in mild sulfuric, phosphoric, and alkaline solutions, ideal for chemical processing and wastewater treatment.
Mechanical Advantage: With yield strength ≥450 MPa, Duplex 2205 reduces material thickness by 50% compared to 316L, cutting weight and transportation costs.
Fatigue Resistance: Maintains ductility and impact resistance at low temperatures (-40°C), preventing brittleness in cryogenic systems.
Weldability: Can be welded by TIG, MIG, or stick welding using ER2209 filler metal; minimal risk of carbide precipitation with proper heat input control.
Machinability: Requires slightly slower machining speeds than austenitic steels but offers good formability for complex pipe configurations.
Life Cycle Cost: Reduced maintenance and replacement needs due to superior corrosion resistance, especially in high-chloride environments.
Temperature Resistance: Performs reliably up to 250°C, exceeding the thermal limits of many ferritic steels.
Subsea Systems: Seawater pipelines, subsea valves, and wellheads exposed to saltwater and corrosive hydrocarbons.
Marine Platforms: Support structures, hull components, and desalination plant heat exchangers.
Reactors & Vessels: Equipment for handling acids, chlorides, and organic chemicals in refineries and chemical plants.
Heat Exchangers: High-efficiency heat transfer tubes resistant to fouling and corrosion in sulfuric acid applications.
Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD): Scrubbers, ducts, and stacks in coal-fired power plants, resisting sulfuric acid condensation.
Geothermal Energy: Tubing for high-temperature, acidic geothermal brine extraction.
Digester Equipment: Digesters and bleach washers exposed to alkaline pulping chemicals and chlorine-based bleaches.
Drying Systems: Heat-resistant pipes in paper manufacturing dryers.
Hygienic Piping: Brewing tanks, dairy processing lines, and equipment requiring corrosion resistance and easy sanitization.
Strength: Duplex 2205 offers 2.5x the yield strength of 316L, making it ideal for high-pressure applications.
Corrosion Resistance: 2205 excels in chloride environments, while 316L performs better in oxidizing acids.
Cost: 2205 costs ~1.5x more than 316L but offers longer-term reliability.
Nitrogen Content: S32205 has higher nitrogen (0.14–0.20%) for enhanced strength and corrosion resistance.
Molybdenum: S32205 contains 3.0–3.5% molybdenum (vs. 2.5–3.5% in S31803), improving pitting resistance.
Use ER2209 filler metal and control heat input to avoid excessive ferrite growth.
Post-weld heat treatment is rarely needed, but annealing may optimize toughness for thick sections.
Corrosion Resistance: 2205 far outperforms carbon steel, which rusts rapidly in seawater.
Strength: 2205 allows thinner walls, while carbon steel requires thicker sections for equivalent strength.
